Most of us have seen the pictures and social media memes about chunky cats and dogs. While they may seem funny, the reality is that obesity is a growing problem among our pet companions. Like people, pets can suffer from obesity, which leads to numerous health problems, a decreased quality of life, and a shortened life span. Understanding the causes of pet obesity, recognizing the signs, and implementing effective weight management strategies are crucial to ensuring your furry companion leads a healthy and happy life. Our Carolina Virginia Animal Hospital team explains why managing your pet’s weight contributes to their health and happiness. 

Pet obesity causes

Overweight and obese pets are not born that way. Specific variables contribute to the condition, including:

  • Overfeeding — One of the most common causes of pet obesity is overfeeding. Pet owners often overestimate the amount of food their pet needs or indulge them with too many treats.
  • Lack of exercise — Pets need regular physical activity, including walking, running, and playing with toys. Sedentary lifestyles can contribute significantly to weight gain.
  • Improper diet — Feeding pets low-quality food with high-calorie content and inadequate nutrients can lead to obesity. Human food, in particular, can be harmful to pets because of its high fat and sugar content and potential for food toxicity.
  • Genetics — Some breeds are predisposed to gain weight. For example, Labrador retrievers, dachshunds, and beagles are more prone to obesity, but only when genetics are coupled with unhealthy food and lack of exercise.
  • Age and health conditions — Senior pets and those with certain medical conditions, such as hypothyroidism or Cushing’s disease, are more susceptible to weight gain because they may have a decreased metabolism. 
  • Spay/neuter — The surgical procedure to spay or neuter your pet doesn’t make them overweight, but their caloric demands do change after the surgical procedure. If they aren’t fed appropriately for a spayed or neutered pet, they will gain weight.

Recognizing the signs of pet obesity

Regularly monitoring your furry pal’s body condition score and weight is integral to catching weight gain early. The following signs can indicate your pet is putting on pounds:

  • Visible weight gain — The most obvious sign is a noticeable increase in weight. You might see your pet lacks a defined waist and have difficulty feeling their ribs.
  • Reduced mobility — Overweight pets may be lethargic and reluctant to move or play.
  • Breathing difficulties — Obese pets may have trouble breathing or show signs of shortness of breath after minimal exertion.
  • Behavioral changes — Changes in behavior, such as irritability or decreased interest in activities they once enjoyed, can indicate weight issues in pets.

Health risks associated with pet obesity

Overweight pets are more prone to health issues than fit Fidos and felines. The following medical issues are directly linked to obesity:

  • Joint problems — Excess weight strains joints, leading to arthritis and other mobility issues.
  • Diabetes — Obesity increases the risk of diabetes in pets, particularly cats.
  • Heart disease — Overweight pets are susceptible to developing heart disease and hypertension.
  • Respiratory issues — Extra weight can cause breathing difficulties and exacerbate conditions such as brachycephalic airway syndrome in pugs, bulldogs, Persian cats, and other breeds with flat faces.
  • Decreased life span — Obesity can significantly reduce a pet’s life span and overall quality of life.

Weight management in pets

The positive news is that pet obesity is preventable. Consider the following steps: 

  • Balanced diet — Ensure your pet’s diet has appropriate portions and high-quality ingredients. Consult our Carolina Virginia Animal Hospital veterinarian to determine the best food and portion sizes for your furry friend.
  • Regular exercise — Incorporate regular exercise into your pet’s daily routine. Dogs can benefit from daily walks and playtime, while cats can enjoy interactive toys and climbing structures.
  • Monitor treats — Limit your pet’s treats and avoid feeding them table scraps. Opt for low-calorie, nutritious treats and use them sparingly as rewards for cooperating with tasks, such as obeying commands or remaining still during grooming.
  • Consistent exams — Annual or more frequent wellness exams are essential to monitor your pet’s weight and overall health. Our veterinarian can guide their weight management and address any underlying health issues.
  • Weight loss programs — In severe cases, our veterinary team might recommend a structured weight loss program, including specialized diets and increased physical activity.

Pet obesity is a serious issue that requires pet owners’ attention and action. By understanding the causes, recognizing the signs, and implementing effective weight management strategies, you can help your pet maintain a healthy weight and improve their quality of life. 

Schedule an appointment with our Carolina Virginia Animal Hospital team so we can check your pet’s weight and recommend ways to maintain their healthy lifestyle.